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What They Are, How to Diagnose Them, and a Checklist to Reduce Your Symptoms
As spring unfolds across South Africa—bringing warmer days and blooming landscapes—it also ushers in a season of sneezes, congestion, and itchy eyes for many. Understanding what triggers seasonal allergies, how to identify them, and ways to reduce their impact can help you embrace the season more comfortably.
“Spring allergies are incredibly common in South Africa, especially in regions where pollen counts are high,” says Tania Joffe, founder of Unu Health. “The good news is that with the right approach, you can reduce exposure, manage symptoms, and still enjoy the beauty of spring.”
According to an ISAAC study[i], allergic rhinitis symptoms among adolescents in Cape Town climbed from 30.4% in 1995 to 38.5% in 2003. A 2013 study by SciELO[ii], showed that whilst 48% of people reported chronic nasal symptoms, only 14.9% tested positive for true allergic rhinitis via skin-prick tests—highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis. This data along with further studies[iii] of broader data from Southern Africa shows a rising rate of rhino conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis over time.
These figures make it clear: spring allergy season isn’t just a nuisance—it’s a widespread, growing health concern that deserves serious attention.
So, what are Spring allergies? Allergic rhinitis happens when your immune system overreacts to airborne allergens like grass, tree, or weed pollen. These common irritants trigger a histamine response—leading to sneezing, itching, congestion, and watery eyes. “Your body mistakes pollen for a threat, and the resulting histamine release causes the classic symptoms we all dread in spring,” explains Joffe.
Here is some advice on how to spot the difference between an allergy and a cold, how to accurately diagnose if you do have spring allergies and how to reduce exposure and treat them.
Spotting the Difference: Allergy vs. Cold
- Fevers are absent with allergies
- Colds resolve themselves in 7–10 days, while allergies persist.
- Itching is much more common with allergies.
“If your symptoms recur each spring and persist, it’s likely an allergy,” says Joffe.
Diagnosing Spring Allergies
- Symptom tracking—note when symptoms spike and how long they linger.
- Consult a healthcare provider—especially if symptoms are severe or recurring.
- Allergy testing—skin-prick or blood tests are able to identify exact triggers.
“Diagnosing your specific allergen is the first step in effective management,” Joffe advises.
Reduce Exposure: Seasonal Strategy
- Track local pollen counts—UCT’s Pollen Network provides region-specific alerts visit medicalacademic.co.za
- Keep windows closed and consider air-conditioning to block pollen indoors.
- Shower and change clothes after outdoor activities to remove lingering allergens.
- Use saline nasal rinses to flush out pollen.
- Wash bedding frequently and in hot water to eliminate allergens.
- Wear sunglasses outdoors to shield eyes from pollen.
“Allergies don’t have to define your springtime,” Joffe says. “By knowing what triggers your symptoms, reducing exposure, and seeking proper treatment, you can still enjoy this vibrant season. Best to speak to a doctor about what treatment option would be best for you from antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids (INCS) to help with congestion and inflammation or even Immunotherapy to provide long-term relief for especially persistent cases.”
For more information, please visit http://www.unuhealth.org